The Embodied Mind provides a unique, sophisticated treatment of the spontaneous and reflective dimension of human experience. The authors - argue that only by having a sense of common ground between mind in Science and mind in experience can our understanding of cognition be more complete. Toward that end, they develop a dialogue between cognitive science and Buddhist meditative psychology and situate it in relation to other traditions such as phenomenology and psychoanalysis.Francisco Varela is Director of Research at the Centre National de Recherche Scientifique and Professor of Cognitive Science and Epistemology, CREA, at the Ecole Polytechnique in Paris. Evan Thompson is Assistant Professor of Philosophy at the University of Toronto. Eleanor Rosch is Professor of Psychology at the University of California, Berkeley.

I The Departing Ground

1 Fundamental Circularity: In the Mind of the Reflective Scientist

An Already-Given Condition

What Is Cognitive Science?

Cognitive Science within the Circle

The Theme of This Book

2 What Do We Mean "Human Experience"?

Science and the Phenomenological Tradition

The Breakdown of Phenomenology

A Non-Western Philosophical Tradition

Examining Experience with a Method: Mindfulness/Awareness

The Role of Reflection in the Analysis of Experience

Experimentation and Experiential Analysis

II Varieties of Cognitivism

3 Symbols: The Cognitivist Hypothesis

The Foundational Cloud

Defining the Cognitivist Hypothesis

Manifestations of Cognitivism

Cognitivism in Artificial Intelligence

Cognitivism and the Brain

Cognitivism in Psychology

Cognitivism and Psychoanalysis

Cognitivism and Human Experience

Experience and the Computational Mind

4 The I of the Storm

What Do We Mean by "Self"?

Looking for a Self in the Aggregates

Forms

Feelings/Sensations

Perceptions/Impulses

Dispositional Formations

Consciousnesses

Momentariness and the Brain

The Aggregates without a Self

III Varieties of Emergence

5 Emergent Properties and Connectionism

Self-Organization: The Roots of an Alternative

The Connectionist Strategy

Emergence and Self-Organization

Connectionism Today

Neuronal Emergences

Exeunt the Symbols

Linking Symbols and Emergence

6 Selfless Minds

Societies of Mind

The Society of Object Relations

Codependent Arising

Basic Element Analysis

Mindfulness and Freedom

Selfless Minds; Divided Agents

Minding the World

IV Steps to a Middle Way

7 The Cartesian Anxiety

A Sense of Dissatisfaction

Representation Revisited

The Cartesian Anxiety

Steps to a Middle Way

8 Enaction: Embodied Cognition

Recovering Common Sense

Self-Organization Revisited

Color as a Study Case

Color Appearance

Color as a Perceived Attribute

Where Is Color?

Color as a Category

Linguistic Aspects of Color

Color and Cognition

Color and Culture

Cognition as Embodied Action

Heideggerian Psychoanalysis

The Retreat into Natural Selection

9 Evolutionary Path Making and Natural Drift

Adaptationism: An Idea in Transition

A Horizon of Multiple Mechanisms

Linkage and Pleiotropy

Development

Random Genetic Drift

Stasis

Units of Selection

Beyond the Best in Evolution and Cognition

Evolution: Ecology and Development in Congruence

Lessons from Evolution as Natural Drift

Defining the Enactive Approach

Enactive Cognitive Science

In Conclusion

V Worlds without Ground

10 The Middle Way

Evocations of Groundlessness

Nagarjuna and the Madhyamika Tradition

The Two Truths

Groundlessness in Contemporary Thought

The Lack of an Entre-deux

Interpretationism

Transformative Potential

11 Laying Down a Path in Walking

Science and Experience in Circulation

Nihilism and the Need for Planetary Thinking

Nishitani Keiji

Ethics and Human Transformation

The View from Social Science

Compassion: Worlds without Ground 
 

Francisco Varela is Director of Research at the Centre National de Recherche Scientifique and Professor of Cognitive Science and Epistemology, CREA, at the Ecole Polytechnique in Paris.

Eleanor Rosch is Professor of Psychology at the University of California, Berkeley.

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